ANTI-COLLUSION, FRAUD DETECTION, AND RANDOM CARD SHUFFLING Collusion is a form of cheating involving two or more players at a single table that puts the rest of the players at the table at a disadvantage. 3D Poker Room has partnered with two of the world's leading authorities on the game -- David Sklansky and Mason Malmuth -- to provide the intelligence behind sophisticated, real-time, anti-collusion systems that stop cheaters and catch attempted cheats. We want players to enjoy the same high standards required for play in the best live poker games in the world. That means: NO CHEATING ALLOWED. David Sklansky & Mason Malmuth Collusion Detection In order for any good control or prevention system to work, its details must remain secret. But, we feel it is important for you to understand our commitment to integrity and security. That's why we describe our systems, but only in general terms. 3D Poker Room operates four separate detection and prevention systems. The prevention system monitors several factors that afford players the opportunity to share card information. When that opportunity exists between players, the system prevents them from joining the same table. Three other systems operate independently by tracking several inescapable game and client events. Each system aggregates a "review factor" for each player's game play. One system employs a transaction-based statistical analysis methodology designed by Mason Malmuth. Another primary system was designed by Sklansky and Malmuth, based on both statistical theory and years of poker experience. This play-pattern system studies patterns of play for every hand played, analyzing play at each stage of each hand. When a player's "review factor" rises above a certain threshold, hand histories and other player actions and data are analyzed by our security experts. Suspect players are approached by our team and asked to explain the suspicious events. All players are given the benefit of the doubt, but without valid explanations for suspicious behavior, we reserve the right to remove players from the site. Fraud detection Fraud typically involves making a deposit via fraudulent payment methods. These events pose no threat to innocent players since these defrauding players simply use the site as a means to spend or exchange money that does not belong to them. We have several fraud detection systems -- and are continually adding to them. Once detected, fraudulent players are permanently banned from our games. Action against fraud and collusion perpetrators At 3D Poker Room, we do not tolerate unfair or fraudulent behavior. Our goal is to offer a safe and fair environment to play poker. Anyone interfering with this goal will be dealt with by the most severe means available. Funds on deposit of any identified fraudulent player or colluder will be frozen until a resolution is reached. All information about a known colluder will be shared with other online poker sites, as well as with other gaming sites and proper government authorities, as required. 3D Poker Room will cash chips held by innocent players who happen to win them from a cheater. However, we reserve the right to freeze chips held by players who collude with the fraudulent players -- for example, when a credit fraud perpetrator dumps chips to a partner or partners. Finally, if you think someone cheated in a hand, you are encouraged to report the hand number to the host on duty. Remember, online cheaters cannot "hide the evidence" by mucking their cards, and we can and will review hands which players report as suspicious. David Sklansky & Mason Malmuth David Sklansky is generally considered the number one authority on gambling in the world today. David has authored nine books on the subject, written numerous articles for various gaming publications, and produced two videos. His popular poker seminars always receive enthusiastic participation, including those given at the Taj Mahal in Atlantic City and the World Series of Poker in Las Vegas. Mason Malmuth was born and raised on Coral Gables, Florida. In 1973, he received his BS in Mathematics from Virginia Tech, and completed his Masters program there in 1975. While working for the United States Census Bureau in 1978, Mason stopped overnight in Las Vegas while driving to his new assignment in California. He was immediately fascinated by the games, and gambling became his passion. 3D Poker Room, Mr. Sklansky, and Mr. Malmuth will continue to collaborate in order to share their talents, skills, and expertise with 3D Poker Room members. Watch for such efforts as the Sklansky and Malmuth Poker Tutorial, and other events in the future. Random card shuffling Given a 52-card deck, there are over 8 x 1066 or 8,065,817,517,000, 000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000, 000,000,000,000,000 possible uniquely shuffled decks. To understand why so many decks are possible, think of it this way: the first card in the deck is one of 52 possible cards, the second is one of the remaining 51 cards, the third is one of the remaining 50, etc. So, for each of the 52 possible first cards, there are 51 possible second cards, and for each of the 52 x 51 first pairs of cards, there are 50 possible third cards. This logic continued yields 52 x 51 x 50 x 49 ... x 3 x 2 x 1 cards (expressed mathematically as 52!, or 52 factorial) which, multiplied out, yields the gigantic number above! In order to generate all of these decks, a random-number generation algorithm must be able to yield at least 52! unique random number sequences. Most common random algorithms yield 216, or 65,536 unique sequences; this only covers a minute 8 x 10-61% of the unique decks possible. 3D Poker Room employs a random routine which can generate a virtually endless number of unique sequences (more than 219000 sequences -- a number well beyond the computational power of your pocket calculator!), far more than the number of possible unique card decks; you are thus guaranteed a very 'true' shuffle for any given hand. It is important to note that random number algorithms are actually known as pseudo-random number generators, because they are not actually truly random, in the sense that natural phenomena (such as a poker room deal) are random. To add 'true' randomness to the process above, we must be able to shake it up with truly random data. This is known as adding entropy, and we accomplish this by mixing in data associated with many truly random system events, such as network activity, player actions, system process timings, etc. You may rest assured that the decks being dealt in 3D Poker Room are as truly random as a computer can get, and are undiscoverable to any form of high-tech prediction.